A wide range of fishing - from the joyful moments of communication with nature anglers until commercial fisheries, a key sector of the economy of countries. On the eve of 24 June, on Friday the state Duma adopted the bill on the principles of modernization of the fishing industry in our country, "rules of the game" for the period up to 2035. In 2018 will be a new distribution of quotas between fishermen for 15 years. The bill was introduced by the Government at the end of the President's instructions.
The final version of the bill says the head of the project "ports of inform-24" Anna Gornova.
Over the past 10 years of success in the industry is obvious. Russia is in the top five fishing countries. Meanwhile, among government agencies and the fishing community for two years there was a discussion of the sector reform, sometimes resulting in open confrontation between the authorities and the major holders of quotas, who insisted to leave everything as is. Why, in the end turned out adopted such a document? Look at the main reasons.
While in our country argue about the price of fish, its availability in the world, countries compete for the resource and efficiency of its use. Among the developed countries, economic growth at 2%. Look 5-10 years into the future: the 2020-2021 year, analysts predict a new economic leap, which is based on innovation, environmental safety and new logistic platforms. The world economy will change a lot. 2021 – it is the new geopolitical realities and new geopolitical alliances, innovative economy.
The world has changed drastically profit centres: instead of Berlin, London and Amsterdam came to Shanghai, Dubai, Atlanta, Rotterdam. Is the formation of the TRANS-Pacific platform, which unites 16 countries, giving 40% of world GDP, formed the transatlantic partnership. Gaining momentum and horizontal logistics cooperation network. If our fishing industry today is not to take into account global trends, and not to reformat it by 2021, we are waiting for a large backlog.
The main story of bill and investment quota, with which the government decided to support the construction of Russia's fishing fleet and fish processing is the new generation. The principle of allocation of quotas for vessel operating in foreign countries probably also played a role. Under the new rules to master the quota fishermen will be required not less than 70% for 2 consecutive years solely on their own or leasing ships with the exception of force majeure. Rent remained within the same group of people. otherwise, the quotas are withdrawn. Today norm development is only 50%.
Today our fishing fleet, with rare exception, this court was built 25-30 years ago, undergoing upgrades and repairs abroad. In 5-7 years this fleet will agree to write off. The wear and tear of the fleet is now about 90%. Onshore processing is also, with a few exceptions – technology of the last century. Permanent repairs and renovation that make the economy of the fishery costly in comparison with their foreign neighbors, working on modern ships. In this part of the technological re-equipment of the industry objectively overdue. Even from the perspective of ecology of the fishery and monitoring of catches – we have something to think about.
The second principle laid down in the document, the redirection of financial flows in the industry as a whole, given the changing international situation and the protection of national economic interests. In particular, the direction - to the Russian coast. The act provides for the establishment of the country's value added, download Russian factories, the development of the Bank. Comes to an end schemes, when Russia wikipipedia fish and leaves for processing in China and other countries. FAS takes control of foreign participation in mining companies.
And the third primary is attracting investment in the development of the Far East, the creation of clusters on the principles of the new logistics network cooperation and new profit centers. In this area we launched a Free port of Vladivostok, the Torah, is the selection of investment projects at unprecedented benefits for the last time from the state. The main emphasis in them is made on innovation.
At the same time now also adopted amendments to the Law on ports in terms of stimulating investment in port infrastructure. Here the government also insists on its interests in part of the obligations to the tenants of berths and port infrastructure. In this direction, without modernization and new building, we also do not do. Have to build the infrastructure of the Northern sea route, and in particular to our far East ports.
Fishermen mostly look from the perspective of the allocation of quotas and profits, and the government gives priority to other factors, why were such differences. Who's to state the effective user, which will gradually transfer all quotas? It is the shipowner who built his fleet in Russia, whose catch brings added value in Russia and provides a multiplier effect in Russia.
In a given legal reality today it is easier to large companies, and this is typical of us not only in the fishing industry. Here at FAS have a niche, a lot of work. Need to think carefully about the policies on creating the conditions for equal access to resource to the investment quota to small and medium businesses in a situation when everyone is in favor of large companies.
There are of course a number of controversial factors. Unexpected turn has received pribrezhka that at the last moment amendment was launched in the direction of promoting the construction of live-fish vessels. This model of fishing in our reality are not typical, and such vessels have almost no. That also means a turn towards the construction of large onshore facilities for the delivery of fish from such vessels. This bill is complex and indirect action. However, if we consider it as fundamental principles of development, and a lot of regulations as an opportunity of flexible adjustment for a period of almost 17-18 years, it looks not so dramatic. Although many people are concerned about the lack at this moment is clear and precise allocation mechanism investcom and how will the factor of 1.2 for coastal fishing.
For example, in the far Eastern basin we have: if the fishery Manager catches 100 tons of fish (Pollock, flounder), and the city of Magadan, only 10 t of chilled fish and where to put the remaining 90 t? In winter at -20 degrees Celsius freeze fish in General, as it is to bring in fresh and chilled? In the Western basin: Kaliningrad fishermen all their catches processed on shore, as in their case will work the factor? Most of the questions, of course, now hitting the secondary legislation which will specify all these mechanisms. So today, our tough fishing policy.
Tags: Sea policy , Anna Gornova , fishery